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| Referee |
The supervisor and official authority of the game. He calls the penalties, determines goals and handles the face-offs at center ice that start each period of play. |
| Linesmen |
Two are used. They call offsides, offside passes, icing and handle all face-offs not taking place at center ice. They do not call penalties, but can suggest to the referee that a penalty be called. |
| Goal Judges |
One judge sits off-ice behind each goal and signals when a goal has been scored by turning on a red light. The referee can ask his recommendation on disputed goals, but the referee has the final decision and is able to overrule the goal judge. |
| Official Scorer |
Determines which player scores and which players assisted, if there are any. He may consult the referee, but the scorer has the final decision in crediting points. |
A team plays shorthanded when one or more of its players is charged with a penalty. However, no team is forced to play with less than four (4) players at a time. If a third penalty is assessed to the same team, it is delayed until the first penalty expires. If a goalie is charged with a penalty, a teammate will serve his time in the penalty box.
| Minor Penalty |
A player committing a minor penalty must serve two minutes in the penalty box, with no substitutes permitted. These penalties include tripping, hooking, spearing, slashing, charging, roughing, holding, elbowing or boarding. If the shorthanded team is scored upon before the two minutes elapse, the player in the penalty box is automatically released. |
| Major Penalty |
A player committing a major penalty must serve five minutes in the penalty box, with no substitutes permitted. These penalties are called for fighting or when minor penalties are committed with intentional attempt to injure. Major penalties for slashing, spearing, high-sticking, elbowing, butt-ending and cross-checking carry automatic game misconducts. Unlike minor penalties, a player must serve the full five minutes in the penalty box, regardless if the shorthanded team is scored upon. |
| Bench Minor |
This type of penalty is a violation that is generally called when play is stopped. An example of this could be if something was purposely thrown onto the ice. It involves the removal of one player of the team against which the penalty is assessed for a period of two (2) minutes. Any player other than the goaltender may serve the penalty. |
| Double Minor |
This type of penalty is usually called when a violation is more serious than a minor penalty, but does not merit a major penalty. Double minor penalties last four (4) minutes and are assessed in the following instances: 1. An accidental infraction that resulted in an injury (drawing blood). 2. An attempt to injure a player without an injury occurring. 3. Double minor for roughing. Double minor penalties are dealt with as two separate minor penalties. This means that if the team with the advantage scores during the first two minutes of the four-minute penalty, then what is left of the first two minutes is cancelled out and the power play becomes a two-minute advantage. |
| Misconduct |
This type of penalty is called when a player uses abusive language or gestures, or fails to follow an official’s orders. This is a penalty against the player, not the team, so a substitute is allowed. The player must leave the ice for a period of ten minutes. After the ten minutes has expired, the player must stay in the penalty box until there is a stoppage in play. |
| Penalty shot |
A free shot, unopposed except for the goalie. This is awarded for a player being fouled from behind and denied a breakaway scoring opportunity. Also called for deliberately displacing the goal post during a breakaway, or can be called when a defending player other than the goalie deliberately falls on the puck, or covers the puck with his glove in the crease. |
| Delayed Penalty |
The whistle is delayed until the team committing the penalty regains possession of the puck. |
| Boarding |
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A deliberate check delivered to an opponent into the boards from behind - major penalty assessed for inflicting injury. |
| Charging |
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A deliberate move of over two steps to run or jump into an opposing player - major penalty assessed for inflicting injury. |
| Cross Checking |
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A stick delivered with both hands on the stick and no part of the stick on the ice - major penalty assessed for inflicting injury. |
| Elbowing |
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Use of elbow to impede or foul an opponent. |
| High Sticking |
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A stick delivered with both hands on the stick and no part of the stick on the ice - major penalty assessed for inflicting injury. |
| Holding |
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Grabbing or wrapping arms and stick around an opponent to hold him back. |
| Hooking |
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Impeding the movement of an opponent by hooking him with the blade of the stick. |
| Interference |
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Imposed on a player who interferes with or impedes the progress of an opponent who is not in possession of the puck. |
| Misconduct |
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Called against an individual for flagrant poor sportsmanship. The player is ruled off the ice for a period of ten (10) minutes. A substitute player is allowed to immediately replace a player serving a misconduct penalty. A player whose misconduct penalty has expired must remain in the penalty box until the next stoppage of play. |
| Slashing |
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Swinging the stick in a slashing motion to harass or impede an opponent - major penalty assessed for inflicting injury. |
| Tripping |
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Causing an opponent to trip or fall by use of stick, knee, foot, arm, hand, or elbow. |
| Wash-Out |
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Signals no icing, no off-sides or no goal. |
Why does the goalie go to the bench?
There are two common situations that would cause a goalie to go to the bench.
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1.) |
When there is a delayed penalty.
In some situations the team who is not having the penalty called on them will remove their goalie in order to substitute him for a sixth skater (an extra attacker).The referee will raise and hold his hand in the air to signal that play will continue until the offensive team turns over possession of the puck to the team called for the infraction or a goal is scored. |
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2.) |
As an attempt to score at the end of a game.
The team that is trailing in the final minutes of the game may "pull" their goalie in order to place an extra attacker on the ice to increase the chances of scoring a goal to tie the game. However, this risk this leaves the team with six skaters with an empty net. |
Why do the linesmen make the players change positions during a face-off?
When a face-off takes place anywhere other than center ice, the centermen must stand squarely facing the opposing team’s end of the ice. While they wait for the dropping of the puck, all other players must stay on-side. If any of them move off-side, touch another player, or enter the circle, the linesman will eject the centerman of the offending team and replace him with another player. This is to keep the game fair and prevent one team from having an advantage in a face-off.
Why do all the players go to the bench?
Each team is allowed one thirty-second timeout during the game.
Hockey 101 / Hockey 201 / Hockey 301 / Hockey 401 / Hockey 501
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